AVN - Aviation Model generated every 12 hours by NCEP. A storm is precisely defined as occurring when the daily Ap index exceeds 29, or (2) NOAA Space Weather Scale (G) for geomagnetic storm disturbances (see Appendix A). The region where the northeasterly and southeasterly tradewinds converge, forming an often continuous band of clouds or thunderstorms near the equator. Current Hazards Toronto, ON. KNOT - One nautical mile per hour (1.15 mph). An example follows below. CLOUDY- the state of the sky when 9/10ths or more of the sky is covered by clouds. WATER VAPOR - water substance in a gaseous state that comprises one of the most important of all the constituents of the atmosphere. Help/FAQ Microsoft Weather tracks it all, from precipitation predictions to severe weather warnings, air quality updates, and even wildfire alerts. COLD FRONT - The boundary between a cold air mass that is advancing and a relatively warmer airmass. Later. FREEZING LEVEL The altitude in the atmosphere where the temperature equals 32F. Network of automatic raingauges that transmit via VHF radio link when precipitation occurs. geosynchronous: Term applied to any equatorial satellite with an orbital velocity equal to the rotational velocity of the Earth. VAD stands for Velocity Azimuth Display. Expected within six to 12 hours of time of issue. For these events, Flash Flood watches, warnings and statements will be used. However, winds of this magnitude occurring over an area that frequently experiences such winds (e.g., the normal strong summertime winds near the San Francisco Bay, would not require the issuance of this product). It relates to a ridge or trough moving from east to west. Fair : A weather term implying no precipitation and no extreme conditions of clouds, visibility or wind. Backing winds with height are indicative of cold air advection (CAA). See more current weather. Measurable precipitation is equal to or greater than 0.01 inches. PRECIPITATION (PCPN) -Liquid or solid water molecules that fall from the atmosphere and reach the ground. Drizzle drops are too small to disturb appreciably still water puddles. Current conditions, 5 day outlook, with highs, lows, and chance of rain. DATANET In hydrologic terms, it is the hydrologic Data Network Analysis Software. The temperature in a forecast is used to describe the forecast maximum and minimum temperature, or in some cases, the temperature at a specific time. NWS forecasters use such categorical terms as occasional, intermittent, or periods of to describe a precipitation event that has a high probability of occurrence (80%+), but is expected to be of an "on and off" nature. Similar action may be required for the failure of certain levees. Fetch Your Fleece! Storm Ready Fire Weather MIXING DEPTH- The vertical distance the process of convection mixes the air from the surface to aloft. River Observations (Map) A severe weather condition characterized by low temperatures, winds 35 mph or greater, and sufficient falling and/or blowing snow in the air to frequently reduce visibility to1/4 mile or less for a duration of at least 3 hours. In these situations, when river forecasts are available, flood warnings and flood statements are used. CIRRUS (CI) - High clouds, usually above 18,000 feet, composed of ice crystals. Very poor. DATANET In hydrologic terms, it is the hydrologic Data Network Analysis Software. These clouds can form due to orography, a saturated PBL (with low level fog and/or stratus building under a middle level inversion), or lifting mechanisms within the region of high pressure (WAA, moisture advection). Also known as a cyclone. MARITIME AIR MASS - Moist air mass originating over the ocean. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration The California/Nevada River Forecast Center is located in Sacramento. It is always accompanied by lightning and thunder, and occasionally by strong gusty winds, hail, and or heavy rain. Also known as an offshore breeze. Mid-latitude cyclones are cold core lows. Also called a whirlwind, it develops best on clear, dry, hot afternoons. QG Forcing- Upward vertical velocity generated by low level convergence or upper level divergence. These processes result in a dynamic lifting of air. Feels like. LEE TROUGH- Low pressure which develops just east of the Rocky Mountains or Cascades. All NOAA. The office of the National Weather Service in Miami that is responsible for tracking and forecasting tropical cyclones. CONVECTION (CNVTN) - the transfer of heat within a gas or liquid by their movement. LLJ- Low Level Jet. TROPICAL STORM - An organized cyclone in the tropics with wind speed between 35 and 64 knots. TRADE WINDS - Persistent tropical winds that blow from the subtropical high pressure centers towards the equatorial low. All NOAA, A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z. or. WFO - Weather Forecast Office. ISOLATED - Showers covering less than 15 percent of an area. Often lee troughs become organized into mature cyclones as they develop eastward. Imminent. Hourly 7 day, 10 day, 14 day and 15 day forecasts. CAT - A category. MCS- Mesoscale Convective System. ICE JAM - an accumulation of broken river ice caught in a narrow channel that frequently produces local floods during a spring break-up. Found inside – Page 280... snow , rain , wind , cloud , sunshine , etc. , to the consumer of the local weather forecasts ) need to be taken into account , and that an ideal forecast ( terminology - wise ) in one area may not be ideal in another . ANTICYCLONE- A large area of high pressure around which the winds blow clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere. OPEN WAVE- A wave of low pressure that does not have a complete circulation around it; also called a short wave trough. About Our Office A complex of thunderstorms which becomes organized on a scale larger than the individual thunderstorms, and normally persists for several hours or more. MILLIBAR - A unit of atmospheric pressure. Central computer and communications facility of the National Weather Service; located in Washington, DC. This situation creates instability since cold temperatures in the mid and upper levels advect over warmer air at the surface. INVERTED TROF- This is a trough which bulges to the north. Past Weather Events Visibility less . The lowest level of the atmosphere where friction is an important force and vertical mixing is common. The "omega equation" used in numerical weather models is composed of two terms, the "differential vorticity advection" term and the "thickness advection" term. SUSTAINED WINDS- The wind speed obtained by averaging the observed values over a one minute period. NGM -Nested Grid Model generated every 12 hours by NCEP. Use hurricane tracking maps, 5-day forecasts, computer models and satellite imagery to track . Local Outlook RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH) - The amount of water vapor in the air, compared to the amount the air could hold if it was totally saturated. Important thermodynamic information includes lapse rates, CAPE, changes in temperature / moisture with height, and cap strength. AWIPS - Advanced Weather Information Processing System. Thunderstorms To see long term forecasts for the entire year, pick up a copy of The 2021 Old Farmer's Almanac, available online and in stores. There no longer is a temperature criterion for a blizzard. CONDUCTION - the transfer of heat between bodies that are in contact.
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